剛剛在逛 IEP 的時候逛到 fallacy 條目,發現了滿厲害的東西,他們整理了長長一條謬誤列表:
- Abusive Ad Hominem
- Accent
- Accident
- Ad Baculum
- Ad Consequentiam
- Ad Crumenum
- Ad Hoc Rescue
- Ad Hominem
- Ad Hominem, Circumstantial
- Ad Ignorantiam
- Ad Misericordiam
- Ad Novitatem
- Ad Numerum
- Ad Populum
- Ad Verecundiam
- Affirming the Consequent
- Against the Person
- All-or-Nothing
- Ambiguity
- Amphiboly
- Anecdotal Evidence
- Anthropomorphism
- Appeal to Authority
- Appeal to Consequence
- Appeal to Emotions
- Appeal to Force
- Appeal to Ignorance
- Appeal to Money
- Appeal to Past Practice
- Appeal to Pity
- Appeal to Snobbery
- Appeal to the Gallery
- Appeal to the Masses
- Appeal to the Mob
- Appeal to the People
- Appeal to the Stick
- Appeal to Traditional Wisdom
- Appeal to Vanity
- Appeal to Unqualified Authority
- Argument from Ignorance
- Argument from Outrage
- Argument from Popularity
- Argumentum Ad …
- Argumentum Consensus Gentium
- Avoiding the Issue
- Avoiding the Question
- Bad Seed
- Bald Man
- Bandwagon
- Begging the Question
- Beside the Point
- Biased Generalizing
- Biased Sample
- Biased Statistics
- Bifurcation
- Black-or-White
- Cherry-Picking the Evidence
- Circular Reasoning
- Circumstantial Ad Hominem
- Clouding the Issue
- Common Belief
- Common Cause.
- Common Practice
- Complex Question
- Composition
- Confirmation Bias
- Confusing an Explanation with an Excuse
- Conjunction
- Consensus Gentium
- Consequence
- Converse Accident
- Cover-up
- Cum Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc
- Curve Fitting
- Definist
- Denying the Antecedent
- Digression
- Disregarding Known Science
- Distraction
- Division
- Domino
- Double Standard
- Either/Or
- Equivocation
- Etymological
- Every and All
- Exaggeration
- Excluded Middle
- False Analogy
- False Cause
- False Dichotomy
- False Dilemma
- Far-Fetched Hypothesis
- Faulty Comparison
- Faulty Generalization
- Faulty Motives
- Formal
- Four Terms
- Gambler’s
- Genetic
- Group Think
- Guilt by Association
- Hasty Conclusion
- Hasty Generalization
- Heap
- Hedging
- Hooded Man
- Hyperbolic Discounting
- Hypostatization
- Ignoratio Elenchi
- Ignoring a Common Cause
- Ignoring Inconvenient Data
- Incomplete Evidence
- Inconsistency
- Inductive Conversion
- Insufficient Statistics
- Intensional
- Invalid Reasoning
- Irrelevant Conclusion
- Irrelevant Reason
- Is-Ought
- Jumping to Conclusions
- Lack of Proportion
- Line-Drawing
- Loaded Language
- Logic Chopping
- Logical
- Lying
- Maldistributed Middle
- Many Questions
- Misconditionalization
- Misleading Vividness
- Misplaced Concreteness
- Misrepresentation
- Missing the Point
- Mob Appeal
- Modal
- Monte Carlo
- Name Calling
- Naturalistic
- Neglecting a Common Cause
- No Middle Ground
- No True Scotsman
- Non Causa Pro Causa
- Non Sequitur
- Obscurum per Obscurius
- One-Sidedness
- Opposition
- Outrage, Argument from
- Over-Fitting
- Overgeneralization
- Oversimplification
- Past Practice
- Pathetic
- Peer Pressure
- Perfectionist
- Persuasive Definition
- Petitio Principii
- Poisoning the Well
- Popularity, Argument from
- Post Hoc
- Prejudicial Language
- Proof Surrogate
- Prosecutor’s Fallacy
- Quantifier Shift
- Question Begging
- Questionable Analogy
- Questionable Cause
- Questionable Premise
- Quibbling
- Quoting out of Context
- Rationalization
- Red Herring
- Refutation by Caricature
- Regression
- Reification
- Reversing Causation
- Scapegoating
- Scare Tactic
- Scope
- Secundum Quid
- Selective Attention
- Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
- Self-Selection
- Sharpshooter’s
- Slanting
- Slippery Slope
- Small Sample
- Smear Tactic
- Smokescreen
- Sorites
- Special Pleading
- Specificity
- Stacking the Deck
- Stereotyping
- Straw Man
- Style Over Substance
- Subjectivist
- Superstitious Thinking
- Suppressed Evidence
- Sweeping Generalization
- Syllogistic
- Texas Sharpshooter’s
- Tokenism
- Traditional Wisdom
- Tu Quoque
- Two Wrongs do not Make a Right
- Undistributed Middle
- Unfalsifiability
- Unrepresentative Sample
- Unrepresentative Generalization
- Untestability
- Vested Interest
- Victory by Definition
- Willed ignorance
- Wishful Thinking
- You Too